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Host proteins used
by Chlamydia Pneumoniae during its life cycle.
If you know of other interactions, (or corrections) please
with Pubmed ID, gene symbol/accession number and interacting protein.
Thank you.
Amino acids
Chlamydiae import arginine from the host Smith
and Graham, 2008
Leucine, isoleucine, methionine and phenylalanine inhibit the growth
of C.trachomatis and C.Pneumoniae. Tryptophan and valine marginally
inhibited C. trachomatis growth and enhance C. pneumoniae growth.
glutamate, glutamine and aspartate stimulated C. pneumoniae growth
more than that of C. trachomatis. Al-Younes
et al, 2006 A C Pneumoniae protein Cpn1046 is able to hydroxylate
phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. Cpn1046 is expressed within
24 h of infection, allowing C. pneumoniae to hydroxylate host stores
of aromatic amino acids during the period of logarithmic bacterial
growth Abromaitis
et al, 2009.
C.Pneumoniae expresses an external sphingomyelinase converting host
sphingomyelin, to ceramide. Biophysical properties of the two provide
the driving force for autoendocytosis of the bacterium Peñate
Medina et al, 2014
- ABCA1 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A (ABC1), member 1 : C.
pneumoniae modifies cholesterol homoeostasis in human THP-1 macrophages
via JNK-PPARG dependent pathways and downregulation of ABCA1 and
ABCG1
Liu et al, 2010
- ABCG1 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G (WHITE), member 1 : C.
pneumoniae modifies cholesterol homoeostasis in human THP-1 macrophages
via JNK-PPARG dependent pathways and downregulation of ABCA1 and
ABCG1
Liu et al, 2010
- ACADM acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, C-4 to C-12 straight chain: ACADM
and CPT1A mRNA Hypertriglyceridemia produced by C.Pneumoniae was
associated with reduced expression of hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1a
(Cpt1a) and medium chain acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase (Acadm) Marangoni
et al, 2015.
- ACAT1 acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1: The bacterium induces macrophage
related foam cell formation via ACAT1 upregulation He
et al, 2009
- ADD1 : adducin 1 (alpha) Recruited to the chlamydial inclusion
Chu
et al, 2008
- Agmatine: a functional arginine-agmatine bacterial exchange system
protects against host nitric oxide production and innate immunity
(takes in host arginine) Giles
et al, 2009
- AIFM1 AIFM1 – apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondrion-associated,
1: C. pneumoniae-induced apoptosis in human coronary artery endothelial
cells is caspase-independent and regulated by Bax and apoptosis-inducing
factor Schöier
et al, 2006.
- AKT1 Phosphorylation increased by infection in Jurkat cells Hirai
et al, 2012
- ALDOA aldolase A, fructose-bisphosphate: sequestered by chlamydial
outer protein N Ishida
et al, 2014
- ALOX12 – arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase: platelet activation
by C.Pneumoniae is antagonised by 12-lipoxygenase inhibition (involved
in reactive oxygen species production and oxidation of LDL ) Kälvegren
et al, 2007
- APOE APOE4 enhances attachment of C.Pneumoniae elementary bodies
to host cells Gérard
et al, 2008
- APOB C.Pneumoniae elementary bodies binds to APOB containing fractions
of lipoproteins Bashmakov
et al, 2010
- APP amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein: C.Pneumoniae infection
increases brain beta-amyloid deposition in mice Little
et al, 2004
- ATF2 activating transcription factor 2: During Chlamydia pneumoniae
infection, the expression and activity of AP-1 family proteins c-Jun,
c-Fos, and ATF-2 were regulated in a time- and dose-dependent manner
Krämer
et al, 2015.
- ATP6V1H ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 50/57kDa, V1 subunit
H: Inhibition inhibits growth Ouellette
et al, 2011
- B2M – beta-2-microglobulin: enhanced severity of infection
of TAP1-/-/beta2-microglobulin -/- mice Rottenberg
et al, 1999
- BAD BCL2-associated agonist of cell death: Bim, Puma and Bad proteins
disappear during cellular infection Fischer
et al, 2004
- BBC3 BCL2 binding component 3 (Puma) Bim, Puma and Bad proteins
disappear during cellular infection Fischer
et al, 2004
- BCL2L11 BCL2-like 11 (apoptosis facilitator) (Bim): Bim, Puma
and Bad proteins disappear during cellular infection Fischer
et al, 2004
- BIN1 bridging integrator 1 (Amphiphysin II ): required for survival
of Chlamydia pneumoniae in macrophages Gold
et al, 2004
- BIRC2 baculoviral IAP repeat-containing 2 : regulates immunity
to pulmonary infection Prakash
et al, 2009
- BIRC3 baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3: nduces the expression
induced by infection in a human monocytic cell line Wahl
et al, 2003.
- BRCA1 – breast cancer 1, early onset: reduced expression
in isolated C.pneumoniae positive human atherosclerotic plaques
Ja
et al, 2011
- BSG (EMMPRIN; basigin (Ok blood group) ) activated by C.Pneumoniae
in monocytes Schmidt
et al, 2006
- C4A complement component 4A (Rodgers blood group) and C4B complement
component 4B (Chido blood group): Deficiency in humans predisposes
to chlamydial infections Kozlov
et al, 2001
- Calcium channels: L-type voltage sensitive calcium channels influence
C.Pneumoniae infection and effects in macrophages Azenabor
et al, 2004 L-type calcium channel subunits on macrophages include
CACNA1C , CACNB1 and CACNB2 Das
et al, 2009,
- CAMP cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide: Chlamydia virulence factor
Pgp3 neutralizes the antichlamydial activity of human cathelicidin
LL-37 Hou
et al, 2015
- CANX Calnexin: CPn0809 and CPn1020 colocalise with calnexin Muller
et al, 2008
- CALR Calreticulin University
of AArhus 2D database
- CAPRIN2 caprin family member 2 |: interacts with the C.pneumoniae
inclusion membrane protein Cpn1027 Flores
and Zhong, 2015
- CASP1 involved in cleavage of IL1B induced by C.Pneumoniae infection
He
et al, 2010
- CASP3 Chlamydia inhibits apoptosis by blocking caspase 3 activation
and mitochondrial cytochrome C release Airenne
et al, 2002
- CASP8 activated by infection in T lymphocytes Olivares-Zavaleta
et al, 2011
- CASP9 activated by infection in T lymphocytes Olivares-Zavaleta
et al, 2011
- CAT Catalase Activity increased by infection in macrophages Azenabor
et al, 2003
- CAV1 Caveolins associate with Chlamydial inclusion bodies Webley
et al, 2004
- CAV2 Caveolins associate with Chlamydial inclusion bodies Webley
et al, 2004
- CCL5 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5L (RANTES) induced by C. pneumoniae
infection in mouse fibroblasts Chiliveru
et al, 2010
- CCND1 – cyclin D1: Upregulated by IFN- gamma -induced persistent
C. pneumoniae infection in HL cells Mannonen
et al, 2007.
- CCND3 Cyclin D3: Protein levels downregulated by infection in
Jurkat cells Hirai
et al, 2012
- CCT5 chaperonin containing TCP1, subunit 5 (epsilon) University
of AArhus 2D database
- CD3 expression in lymphocyte Molt-4 cells decreased by C. pneumoniae
infection Yamaguchi
et al, 2008
- CD8A CD8B enhanced severity of infection of CD8-/- mice Rottenberg
et al, 1999
- CD14 binds to C.Pneumoniae on macrophages Azenabor
et al, 2005
- Cholesterol : C. pneumoniae modifies cholesterol homoeostasis
in human THP-1 macrophages via JNK-PPARG dependent pathways
Liu et al, 2010
- Entry into epithelial cell lines is cholesterol dependent and
blocked by nystatin or filipin Korhonen
et al, 2011
- CD40 and CD86 expression downregulated by bacterial MOMP protein
in mouse macrophages Bermudez-Fajardo
et al, 2011
- CD69 and CD40LG (cd154 in mouse) downregulated by bacterial MOMP
protein in mouse activated CD4(+) T cells Bermudez-Fajardo
et al, 2011
- CDH2 – cadherin 2, type 1, N-cadherin (neuronal) : C. pneumoniae
infection of human brain microvascular endothelial cells resulted
increases expression of the beta-catenin, N-cadherin, and VE-cadherin,
and decreases expression of the tight junctional protein occludin
MacIntyre
et al, 2002
- CDH5 – cadherin 5, type 2 (vascular endothelium) see above:
MacIntyre
et al, 2002
- CDKN1A – cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1):
promoter activated by infection in epithelial cells
Gencay et al, 2003
- CEBPB CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), beta: C. pneumoniae
activates C/EBP-beta, NF-kappaB, and the glucocorticoid receptor
in infected epithelial cells Gencay
et al, 2003
- chondroitin sulfate A: C. pneumoniae and C. trachomatis attachment
inhibited by exogenous Csa (suggesting attachment to recptors containg
Csa) Yan
et al, 2006
- CFL1 Cofilin: CPn0572 stabilizes pre-assembled F-actin by displacing
and/or inhibiting binding of the actin-severing protein cofilin
Zrieg
et al, 2017.
- CHRNA4 CHRNA7 CHRNB2 CHRNB4 Nicotinic acteylcholine receptors:
Nicotine stimulated chlamydial growth via cholinergic receptors
in hepG2 cells, which contain these subunits Yamaguchi
et al, 2003
- CHUK – conserved helix-loop-helix ubiquitous kinase: activated
by C.Pneumoniae infection in in human monocytic lineage cells Donath
et al, 2002.
- CKB Creatine kinase B-type University
of AArhus 2D database
- COL1A1 collagen, type I, alpha 1: Expression decreased by infection
in fibroblasts Baumert
et al, 2009
- COL3A1 collagen, type III, alpha 1 : Expression decreased by infection
in fibroblasts Baumert
et al, 2009
- COL4A3BP collagen, type IV, alpha 3 (Goodpasture antigen) binding
protein recruited to the chlamydial inclusion Moorhead
et al, 2010
- CFP Properdin binds to C.Pneumoniae and promotes complement activation,
depositing complement components C3 and C9 on the bacterial surface
Cortes
et al, 2011
- COL1A1 collagen, type I, alpha 1: infection of human fibroblasts
and smooth muscle cells by C. pneumoniae downregulated type I and
III collagen and fibronectin expression Baumert
et al, 2009
- COL3A1 ollagen, type III, alpha 1: See above Baumert
et al, 2009
- COX1 cytochrome c oxidase subunit I : Macrophages stimulated with
C. pneumoniae exhibit early release of reactive oxygen species via
up-regulation of NADPH oxidase and cytochrome c oxidase Azenabor
et al, 2005
- CPT1A carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A : ACADM and CPT1A mRNA
Hypertriglyceridemia produced by C.Pneumoniae was associated with
reduced expression of hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1a
(Cpt1a) and medium chain acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase (Acadm) Marangoni
et al, 2015.
- CREB3 cAMP responsive element binding protein 3: inclusion membrane
protein Cpn0147 interacts with host protein CREB3 Zhao
et al, 2018.
- CRP C-reactive protein, pentraxin-related: acute phase protein
upregulated by this and other infections de
Maat and Kluft, 2001
- CSF2 colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage) intra-nasal
bacterial , inoculation increases plasma levels of IL2, IL5, IL6,
IL10, IL12, GM-CSF (= CSF2) , IFN-gamma, and serum amyloid A Campbell
et al, 2010
- CTGF – connective tissue growth factor: infection in HeLa
cells inceased CTGF, IL6, IL8, IL11, LIF, EGR1 and ETV4 mRNA expression
Peters
et al, 2005
- expression CTNNB1 – catenin (cadherin-associated protein),
beta 1, 88kDa: C. pneumoniae infection of human brain microvascular
endothelial cells resulted increases expression of the beta-catenin,
N-cadherin, and VE-cadherin, and decreases expression of the tight
junctional protein occludin MacIntyre
et al, 2002,
- CXCL9 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9: Alias:CMK, Humig, MIG,
SCYB9, crg-10: has antichlamydial activity: CXCL*, CXCL10 and CXCL11
induced by infection Balogh
et al, 2011
- CXCL10 – chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10: induced by C.
pneumoniae infection in mouse fibroblasts Chiliveru
et al, 2010
- CXCR7 chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 7: involved in entry in
human coronary artery endothelial cells Wang
et al, 2010
- CYBA – cytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide: Expression increased
by infection in porcine coronary arteries, Increased production
of superoxide Deniset
et al, 2012
- CYBB cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide: mRNA expression increased
by infection of vascular smooth muscle cells Rivera
et al, 2011
- CYCS cytochrome c, somatic: Chlamydia inhibits apoptosis by blocking
caspase 3 activation and mitochondrial cytochrome C release Airenne
et al, 2002
- CYP7A1 C. pneumoniae and HCMV infection decrease CYP7A1 promoter
activity in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells Michelini
et al, 2012
- DEFB4A defensin, beta 4A: induced by C.Pneumoniae in brain capillary
endothelial cells Tiszlavicz
et al, 2011.
- DUSP1 dual specificity phosphatase 1 Knockout impairs resistance
to the bacterium Rodriguez
et al, 2010
- EDN1 endothelin 1: Expresssion induced by infection in vascular
smooth muscle cells Kern
et al, 2009
- EDNRA endothelin receptor type A upregulated by infection of endothelial
cells Kern
et al, 2009
- EEA1 – early endosome antigen 1 : C.Pneumoniae colocalizes
with surfactant protein (SP)-A-mediated endocytosed lipid and early
endosomes (EEA1- and Rab5-positive) after 3 and 6 h of infection
in pneumocytes Wissel
et al, 2003
- EEF1B2 eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2 University
of AArhus 2D database
- EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor: Receptor for a chlamydial
invasin (pmp21) which activates downstream recruitment of adaptors
Grb2 (growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 )and CBL (Cbl proto-oncogene,
E3 ubiquitin protein ligase )and activation of ERK1/2 (MAPK1, MAPK3
) Mölleken
et al, 2013
- EGR1 early growth response 1 activated by infection of human coronary
artery smooth muscle cells Rupp
et al, 2005
- EIF3I eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit I University
of AArhus 2D database
- EIF5A eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A University
of AArhus 2D database
- ELK1 – ELK1, member of ETS oncogene family: C pneumoniae-stimulates
phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Elk-1 in mouse macrophages Bea
et al, 2003
- ETV4 – ets variant 4: infection in HeLa cells inceased CTGF,
IL6, IL8, IL11, LIF, EGR1 and ETV4 mRNA expression Peters
et al, 2005
- F3 F3 – coagulation factor III (thromboplastin, tissue factor):
Tissue factor, PAI-1, and IL6 expression increased in infected Human
vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells: NF-kappaB was activated
and IkappaBalpha degraded Dechend
et al, 1999
- FABP4 fatty acid binding protein 4: chemical inhibition or genetic
silencing of FABP4 significantly abrogated C. pneumoniae infection-induced
lipolysis and mobilization of liberated free fatty acids, resulting
in reduced bacterial growth in adipocytes Walenna
et al, 2018
- FAS Fas (TNF receptor superfamily, member 6): Chlamydia trachomatis
and C.Pneumoniae inhibit fasf-mediated apoptosis Fischer
et al, 2004
- FCGR2A – Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIa, receptor
(CD32): Induced by C.pneumoniae infection of human aortic endothelial
cells Vielma
et al, 2002 FCGR2B – Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity
IIb, receptor (CD32)
- PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 ( aka FAK) Tyrosine phosphorylation
of FAK preceded its appearance in a complex with the p85 subunit
of PI 3-kinase ( PIK3R1) during C.pneumoniae invasion Coombes
and Mahony, 2002
- FGA – fibrinogen alpha chain (complexes with FGB and FGG)
production incresaed by infection in hepatocytes Bouwman
et al, 2004
- FGF2 fibroblast growth factor 2 (basic): expression upregulated
by infection in human endothelial cells Prochnau
et al, 2004.
- FLOT1 flotillin 1: colocalizes with the Inclusion membrane protein
A (IncA) in C. pneumoniae inclusion membranes Korhonen
et al, 2012
- FLT3LG – fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand: results in
greater lung inflammation during acute C.Pneumoniae infection Crother
et al, 2012.
- FN1 fibronectin 1: Expression decreased by infection in fibroblasts
Baumert
et al, 2009
- GBP2 – guanylate binding protein 2, interferon-inducible
: Upregulated by infection in mediastinal lymph node lymphocytes
Kyläniemi
et al, 2009
- GCLC – glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit : Inhibition
increases chlamydial cHSP-60 gene and protein expression in macrophages
Azenabor
et al, 2006
- GEM GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle involved
in entry in human coronary artery endothelial cells Wang
et al, 2010
- Glycolysis: Host glycolysis enhances bacterial growth in hypoxic
conditions: Rna silencing of phosphofructokinase (PFKP), lactate
dehydrogenase (LDHA), glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD2)
or forkheadbox O3 (FOXO3) abrogated chlamydial progeny Szaszák
et al, 2013
- GNLY – granulysin : Upregulated in T cells by bacterial
infection Walch
et al, 2009
- GSK3B glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta : interacts with the C.pneumoniae
inclusion membrane protein Cpn1027 Flores
and Zhong, 2015
- GSTP1 glutathione S-transferase pi 1 University
of AArhus 2D database
- GZMB – granzyme B (granzyme 2, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated
serine esterase 1) Upregulated in T cells by bacterial infection
Walch
et al, 2009
- HAMP – hepcidin antimicrobial peptide: peak of viable bacteria
in the infected liver associates with increased SLC11A2 and iron
contents and increased hepcidin expression Edvinsson
et al, 2008
- HDC – histidine decarboxylase: Induced by lung infection
Burián
et al,2003
- Heparan sulphate: C. pneumoniae OmcB is an adhesin that binds
heparan sulphate-like glycosaminoglycans Moelleken
and Hegemann, 2008
- Heparin binds to bacterial OmcB Stephens
et al, 2001
- HIF1A hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit is degraded by
the the chlamydial protease-like activity factor CPAF , which is
secreted into the cytoplasm of infected cells Rupp
et al, 2007
- HLA-A major histocompatibility complex, class I, A: some infected
patients have CD8(+) T cells capable of recognizing the Chlamydial
HSP-70 (HLA-A*0201) Carralot
et al, 2005
- HLA-B – major histocompatibility complex, class I, B: The
HLA-B*35 allele is a strong-risk gene for C. pneumoniae infection
Palikhe
et al, 2008
- HLA-DRB1 – major histocompatibility complex, class II,
DR beta 1: HLA class II allele DRB1*0701 was positively correlated
with Chlamydial hsp60 response and DQB1*0301 and DQB1*0501 were
negatively associated Peeling
et al, 1998
- HLA-DQB1 major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ beta 1
see above
- HMGB1 – high mobility group box 1: released from human aortic
endothelial cells suffering aponecrosis following infection Marino
et al, 2008
- HMGCR – 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase.inhibition
reduces Chlamydia pneumoniae-induced cell interaction and activation.Dechend
et al, 2003
- HNRNPD – heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D (AU-rich
element RNA binding protein 1, 37kDa). Chlamydial GroEL1 increases
VCAM-1 mRNA stability and cytosolic AU-binding factor 1 (AUF1/HNRNPD)
levels in endothelial cells Huang
et al, 2013.
- HSPA5 heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (Bip or GRP78 : glucose-regulated
protein, 78kDa) University
of AArhus 2D database
- HSPA8 heat shock 70kDa protein 8 University
of AArhus 2D database
- HSPA9 heat shock 70kDa protein 9 (mortalin) University
of AArhus 2D database
- HSPD1 heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) University
of AArhus 2D database
- IDO1 Restricts bacterial growth via diversion of tyryptophan metabolism
to the kynurenine pathway ( a common bacterial defence mechanism)
Njau
et al, 2009
- IFIT1 interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats
1: induced by C. pneumoniae infection in mouse fibroblasts Chiliveru
et al, 2010
- IFIT3 – interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide
repeats 3: Upregulated by infection in mediastinal lymph node lymphocytes
Kyläniemi
et al, 2009
- IFNA1 Infection of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages with
Chlamydia pneumoniae induces IFN-alpha/beta- and NF-kappaBeta-dependent
expression of IFN-gamma Trumstedt
et al, 2007
- IFNB1 interferon, beta 1, fibroblast: infection of human endothelial
cells with C. pneumoniae-induced production of IFN-beta
Buss et al, 2010
- IFNG interferon, gamma: intra-nasal bacterial inoculation increases
plasma levels of IL2, IL5, IL6, IL10, IL12, GM-CSF (= CSF2) , IFN-gamma,
and serum amyloid A Campbell
et al, 2010
- IFNGR1 – interferon gamma receptor 1: IFN-gamma-/- or IFN-gamma
receptor (R)-/- mice are highly susceptible to infection with C.
pneumoniae Rothfuchs
et al, 2006
- IGF2R mannose 6 -phosphate IGF2 receptor used in epithelial cells
Puolakkainen
et al, 2005
- Retinoic acid also inhibits chlamydial growth via this receptor
Puolakkainen
et al, 2008
- IGFBP6 – insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 :
Upregulated by IFN- gamma -induced persistent C. pneumoniae infection
in HL cells Mannonen
et al, 2007.
- IKBKB – inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer
in B-cells, kinase beta : reduced expression in isolated C.pneumoniae
positive human atherosclerotic plaques Ja
et al, 2011
- IL1B interleukin 1, beta regulates inflammation and fibrosis induced
by C.Pneumoniae He
et al, 2010
- IL2 interleukin 2: intra-nasal bacterial inoculation increases
plasma levels of IL2, IL5, IL6, IL10, IL12, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma, and
serum amyloid A Campbell
et al, 2010
- IL5 Interleukin 5: intra-nasal bacterial inoculation increases
plasma levels of IL2, IL5, IL6, IL10, IL12, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma, and
serum amyloid A Campbell
et al, 2010
- IL6 interleukin 6: polymorphism modifies chlamydial growth Poikonen
et al 2009
- IL7R interleukin 7 receptor : Upregulated by IFN- gamma -induced
persistent C. pneumoniae infection in HL cells Mannonen
et al, 2007.
- IL8 interleukin 8: infection in HeLa cells inceased CTGF, IL6,
IL8, IL11, LIF, EGR1 and ETV4 mRNA expression Peters
et al, 2005
- IL10 interleukin 10: regulates intramacrophage Chlamydia pneumoniae
replication by modulating intracellular iron homeostasis Bellmann-Weiler
et al, 2012.
- IL11 Interleukin 11: infection in HeLa cells inceased CTGF, IL6,
IL8, IL11, LIF, EGR1 and ETV4 mRNA expression Peters
et al, 2005
- IL12A interleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor
1, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 1, p35) (heterodimer of
IL12A and IL12B) intra-nasal bacterial inoculation increases plasma
levels of IL2, IL5, IL6, IL10, IL12, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma, and serum
amyloid A Campbell
et al, 2010
- IL12B interleukin 12B (natural killer cell stimulatory factor
2, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 2, p40) see above Campbell
et al, 2010
- IL13 interleukin 13: increases the cytokine response to C.Pneumonia
in human bronchial epithelial cells Park
et al, 2010
- IL17A interleukin 17A: C. pneumoniae infection in mice induced
IL-17A and IL-17F from day 2 after infection : reinfection leads
to an incriease in IL25 (aka IL17E) expression Mosolygó
et al, 2013
- IL17F interleukin 17F: C. pneumoniae infection in mice induced
IL-17A and IL-17F from day 2 after infection : reinfection leads
to an incriease in IL25 (aka IL17E) expression Mosolygó
et al, 2013
- IL18 interleukin 18: C. pneumoniae stimulated IL18 production
via MyD88-dependent pathway Netea
et al, 2004
- IL25 interleukin 25: C. pneumoniae infection in mice induced IL-17A
and IL-17F from day 2 after infection : reinfection leads to an
incriease in IL25 (aka IL17E) expression Mosolygó
et al, 2013
- INSR Insulin receptor Downregulated in infected progenitor adipose
cells Shi
et al, 2008
- IQGAP1 – IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1
:C.pneumoniae infection promotes vascular smooth muscle cell adhesion
and migration via IQGAP1 Zhang
et al, 2012
- IRAK4 IRAK4, but not IRF3, controls C. pneumoniae-induced IFN-alpha
and IFN-gamma secretion and bacterial growth in bone marrow macrophages
Trumstedt
et al, 2007
- IRF1 – interferon regulatory factor 1: C. pneumoniae induced
the production of low levels of interferon (IFN)-beta and of IRF1
and IRF9 in bronchial and vascular smooth muscle cells Rödel
et al, 2001
- IRF3 interferon regulatory factor 3 C. pneumoniae infection increases
IRF3 and IRF7 nuclear translocation in human vascular endothelial
cells Buss
et al, 2010
- IRF7 interferon regulatory factor 7 C. pneumoniae infection increases
IRF3 and IRF7 nuclear translocation in human vascular endothelial
cells Buss
et al, 2010
- IRF9 interferon regulatory factor 9: C. pneumoniae induced the
production of low levels of interferon (IFN)-beta and of IRF1 and
IRF9 in bronchial and vascular smooth muscle cells Rödel
et al, 2001
- IRS1 insulin receptor substrate 1: Downregulated in infected progenitor
adipose cells Shi
et al, 2008
- ISG15 – ISG15 ubiquitin-like modifier : Upregulated by IFN-
gamma -induced persistent C. pneumoniae infection in HL cells Mannonen
et al, 2007.
- ITGA5 – integrin, alpha 5 (fibronectin receptor, alpha polypeptide)
: Integrin alpha(v)beta(3) involved in C. pneumoniae infection in
Hela cells Caronzolo
et al, 2006
- ITGB2 Integrin and complement component 3 receptor 3 and 4 subunit
Involved in adherence to aortic epithelial cella Kalayoglu
et al, 2001
- ITGB3 – integrin, beta 3 (platelet glycoprotein IIIa, antigen
CD61): Integrin alpha(v)beta(3) involved in C. pneumoniae infection
in Hela cells Caronzolo
et al, 2006
- ITPR1 – inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 1: Expression
decreased by infection in porcine coronary arteries: Also a reducion
in L-type calcium channel expression Deniset
et al, 2012
- JUN – jun proto-oncogene : Infection activates nuclear factor
kappaB and activator protein 1 (Jun) in human vascular smooth muscle
Miller
et al, 2000
- KNG1 – kininogen 1 (Bradykinin) C. pneumoniae infection
reduced bradykinin-induced relaxation of precontracted tissue (porcine
coronary arteries) Deniset
et al, 2012
- KRT8 Keratin degraded by chlamydial CPAF Savijoki
et al, 2008
- KRT17 University
of AArhus 2D database
- KRT18 Keratin degraded by chlamydial CPAF Savijoki
et al, 2008
- LBP – lipopolysaccharide binding protein: serum LBP concentration
increased post infection in mice Tiirola
et al, 2002
- LCAT – lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase: Progressive
decline in serum activity post-infection in mice Tiirola
et al, 2002
- LCN2 lipocalin 2: involved in host defence against Chlamydia presumably
by limiting the availability of iron to the pathogen Bellmann-Weiler
et al, 2012
- LDHA lactate dehydrogenase A: released from human aortic endothelial
cells suffering aponecrosis following infection Marino
et al, 2008
- LDLR low density lipoprotein receptor: Delivery of C.pneumoniae
to the vessel wall aggravates atherosclerosis in LDLr knockout mice
Hauer
et al, 2006.
- LGALS1 lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 1 University
of AArhus 2D database
- LIF – leukemia inhibitory factor: infection in HeLa cells
inceased CTGF, IL6, IL8, IL11, LIF, EGR1 and ETV4 mRNA expression
Peters
et al, 2005
- LPL Lipoprotein lipase: induced by infection in macrophages Azenabor
et al, 2004
- LTA – lymphotoxin alpha (TNF superfamily, member 1): inhibits
C. pneumoniae growth in HEp-2 cells.Matsushima
et al, 1999
- LY96 lymphocyte antigen 96: chlamydial cHSP60 is induces vascular
endothelial and macrophage inflammatory responses via the innate
immune receptor complex TLR4/LY96 Bulut
et al, 2002.
- MAP2K1 MAP2K1 – mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase
1 (MEK) : In epithelial cells C. pneumoniae invasion increased MEK-dependent
phosphorylation and activation of ERK1/2, (MAPK1/MAPK3) followed
by PI 3-kinase-dependent phosphorylation and activation of Akt1
Coombes
and Mahony, 2002
- MAPK8 MAPK8 – mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (jnk) Induction
of iNOS by C.pneumoniae requires MyD88-dependent activation of JNK
Rodriguez
et al, 2008
- MAVS mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein: activated by infection
in human endothelial vascular cells Buss
et al, 2010
- MBL2 Mannose binding protein binds to major outer membrane protein
on the outer surface of the chlamydial elementary body Swanson
et al, 1998
- MDM2 MDM2 proto-oncogene, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase : MDM2-mediated
degradation of p53 in Chlamydia-infected cells contributes to the
anti-apoptotic influence upon the host cell González
et al, 2014.
- MMP1 matrix metallopeptidase 1 (interstitial collagenase): expression
increased by infection in peripheral blood monocytes Rupp
et al, 2004
- MMP3 C. pneumoniae upregulates protein expression of adhesion
molecules, MMP-1, and MMP-3 in vascular cells via OLR1 Samanta
et al, 2017
- MMP7 matrix metallopeptidase 7 (matrilysin, uterine): activated
by C.Pneumoniae in monocytes via EMMPRIN Schmidt
et al, 2006
- MMP9 matrix metallopeptidase 9 (gelatinase B, 92kDa gelatinase,
92kDa type IV collagenase): activated by C.Pneumoniae in monocytes
via EMMPRIN Schmidt
et al, 2006
- MMP14 activated by C.Pneumoniae in monocytes via EMMPRIN Schmidt
et al, 2006
- MSR1 macrophage scavenger receptor 1: upregulated by infection
in human umbilical vein endothelial cells Shi
and Tokunaga, 2004
- MYD88 myeloid differentiation primary response 88: C.Pneumoniae
-induced IL-1ß secretion by macrophages requires TLR2/MyD88
and NLRP3/ASC1/Caspase-1 signaling Shimada
et al, 2011 .
- MYLIP myosin regulatory light chain interacting protein : hepatic
expression increased in infected mice Marangoni
et al, 2015.
- N-acetyl cysteine increases the replication of Chlamydia pneumoniae
and prolongs its clearance in mice Kokai
et al, 2018
- NFKB1 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer
in B-cells 1: C. pneumoniae activates C/EBP-beta, NF-kappaB, and
the glucocorticoid receptor in infected epithelial cells Gencay
et al, 2003
- NFKBIA – nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene
enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha : Tissue factor, PAI-1, and
IL6 expression increased in infected Human vascular endothelial
and smooth muscle cells: NF-kappaB was activated and IkappaBalpha
degraded Dechend
et al, 1999 Depleted by C.Pneumoniae infection in in human monocytic
lineage cells Donath
et al, 2002.
- NFKBIE – nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene
enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, epsilon: Depleted by C.Pneumoniae
infection in in human monocytic lineage cells Donath
et al, 2002.
- NLRP3 NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3 and PYCARD (inflammasome)
are required for caspase ( CASP1) cleavage of IL1B induced by C.Pneumoniae
uinfection He
et al, 2010
- NOD1 nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 activated
by C.Pneumonia in epithelial cells Opitz
et al, 2005
- NOD2 nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 activated
by C.Pneumonia in epithelial cells Opitz
et al, 2005
- Nitric oxide limits chlamydial growth Carratelli
et al, 2005
- NOS2 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible: Nitric oxide prevents
chlamydial infection of macrophages Carratelli
et al, 2005
- NOS3 nitric oxide synthase 3 (endothelial cell) Chlamydia heat
shock protein 60 decreases the expression in human and porcine coronary
artery endothelial cells Chen
et al, 2009.
- NOX1 NADPH oxidase 1: Macrophages stimulated with C. pneumoniae
exhibit early release of reactive oxygen species via up-regulation
of NADPH oxidase and cytochrome c oxidase Azenabor
et al, 2005
- NR1H3 uclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3 (LXR alpha)
Involved in bacterial induced foam cell formation Chen
et al, 2008
- NR3C1 nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 (glucocorticoid
receptor): C. pneumoniae activates C/EBP-beta, NF-kappaB, and the
glucocorticoid receptor in infected epithelial cells Gencay
et al, 2003
- NRP1 – neuropilin 1: Upregulated in C. pneumoniae infected
human umbilical vein endothelial cells Shi
and Tokunaga, 2004
- OCLN occludin: C. pneumoniae infection of human brain microvascular
endothelial cells resulted increases expression of the beta-catenin,
N-cadherin, and VE-cadherin, and decreases expression of the tight
junctional protein occludin MacIntyre
et al, 2002
- OCRL oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe ( phosphatidylinositol-bisphosphatase
[EC:3.1.3.36]
)recruited to the chlamydial inclusion Moorhead
et al, 2010
- OLR1 oxidized low density lipoprotein (lectin-like) receptor 1
: Chlamydial receptor on epithelial cells
Campbell et al, 2011
- OPTN Optineurin (fip2): Rab11-OPTN (Fip2) is recruited to the
nascent inclusion upon internalization Mölleken
and Hegemann, 2017
- OSBP oxysterol binding protein recruited to the chlamydial inclusion
Moorhead
et al, 2010
- PCNA proliferating cell nuclear antigen: Expression increased
by infection in Human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells, associated
with decreased nuclear binding of p53 Selzman
et al, 2003.
- Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition by rolipram attenuated C. pneumoniae
infectivity in vitro in fibroblasts Haralambieva
et al, 2004. PDE4A PDE4B PDE4C and PDE4D are inhibited by rolipram
IUPHAR
- PDGFB platelet-derived growth factor beta polypeptide involved
in entry in human coronary artery endothelial cells Wang
et al, 2010
- PDIA2 – protein disulfide isomerase family A, member 2 :
Required for entry in Cho cells Abromaitis
and Stephens, 2009
- PDIA3 protein disulfide isomerase family A, member 3 University
of AArhus 2D database
- PHACTR1 – phosphatase and actin regulator 1 :
- phosphatidylethanolamine: Chlamydial receptor on HeLa cells, along
with asialo-GM1
(aka GA1) and asialo GM2 Krivan
et al, 1991
- PI4K2A phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type 2 alpharecruited to
the chlamydial inclusion Moorhead
et al, 2010
- PI4K2B phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type 2 beta recruited to
the chlamydial inclusion Moorhead
et al, 2010
- PIK3R1 phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 1 (alpha):
Tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK preceded its appearance in a complex
with the p85 subunit of PI 3-kinase ( PIK3R1) during C.pneumoniae
invasion Coombes
and Mahony, 2002
- PLA2G7 phospholipase A2, group VII (platelet-activating factor
acetylhydrolase, plasma): In atherotic plaques isolated from carotid
arteries Lp-PLA(2) (PLA2G7) associates with plaque macrophages and
C. pneumoniae Atik
et al, 2010
- PLAUR plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor: secretion increased
by C.Pneumoniae in monocytes via EMMPRIN Schmidt
et al, 2006
- PPARA peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha: C.Pneumoniae
induces foam cell formation in macrophages via PPARA and PPARG Mei
et al, 2009
- PPARG peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma : C.Pneumoniae
induces foam cell formation in macrophages via PPARA and PPARG Mei
et al, 2009
- Prostaglandin E2 release increased by infection in lymphocyte
Molt-4 cells Yamaguchi
et al, 2008
- PSMB6 proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, beta type, 6 University
of AArhus 2D database
- PSMB9 proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, beta type, 9 (large
multifunctional peptidase 2) University
of AArhus 2D database
- PSMD9 proteasome subunit University
of AArhus 2D database
- PTK2B protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta (FAK): Tyrosine phosphorylation
of focal adhesion kinase induced by infection of host cells Coombes
and Mahony,2002
- PTGS2 a selective cox-2 inhibitor PTPBS,
inhibits C. pneumoniae growth in vitro but does not prevent infection
or eradicate C. pneumoniae from host cells Yan
et al, 2008.
- PYCARD PYD and CARD domain containing (inflammasome component)
required for caspase (CASP1) cleavage of IL1B induced by C.Pneumoniae
infection He
et al, 2010
- PSME1 proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 1 (PA28
alpha) University
of AArhus 2D database
- RAB1 RAB1, member RAS oncogene family Binds to the Chlamydia pneumoniae
inclusion membrane protein Cpn0585 Cortes
et al, 2007
- RAB4A – RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family: Binds to the
Chlamydia pneumoniae inclusion membrane protein Cpn0585 Cortes
et al, 2007
- RAB5A – RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family : C.Pneumoniae
colocalizes with surfactant protein (SP)-A-mediated endocytosed
lipid and early endosomes (EEA1- and Rab5-positive) after 3 and
6 h of infection in pneumocytes Wissel
et al, 2003
- RAB7A After entry, the early chlamydial inclusion acquires early
endosomal Rab GTPases including Rab4, Rab5, Rab7, as well as the
two recycling-specific Rabs Rab11 and Rab14 Mölleken
and Hegemann, 2017
- RAB10 Binds to the Chlamydia pneumoniae inclusion membrane protein
Cpn0585 Cortes
et al, 2007
- RAB11A Binds to the Chlamydia pneumoniae inclusion membrane protein
Cpn0585 Cortes
et al, 2007
- RAC1 ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small
GTP binding protein Rac1): activated in C. pneumoniae-infected cells.Eitel
et al, 2012
- TNFSF11 – tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member
11 (RANKL) IL6 and RANKL expression increased by C.pneumoniae infection
in human osteoblast-like cell line hFOB Bailey
et al, 2008
- RAC1 – ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family,
small GTP binding protein Rac1). vascular smooth muscle cell infection
increased cell membrane-associated RhoA and Rac1 Dechend
et al, 2003
- RAG1 – recombination activating gene 1: Infection of bone
marrow-derived macrophages reduced in RAG1 knockouts Rothfuchs
et al, 2004
- RARA or RARB ? Retinoic acid inhibits chlamydial growth via a
RAR receptor Puolakkainen
et al, 2008
- RELA v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)
degraded by the chlamydial protease CPAF Christian
et al, 2010
- RFX5 regulatory factor X, 5 (influences HLA class II expression)
degraded by the chlamydial protease CPAF Fan
et al, 2002
- RHOA – ras homolog family member A: vascular smooth muscle
cell infection increased cell membrane-associated RhoA and Rac1
Dechend
et al, 2003
- RIPK2 – receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 2:
Essential for host defense against C.Pneumoniae lung infection Shimada
et al, 2009
- RPLP2 ribosomal protein, large, P2 University
of AArhus 2D database
- RPS6KB1 ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70kDa, polypeptide 1: Phosphorylation
inhibited by infection in Jurkat cells Hirai
et al, 2012
- S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) : Chlamydial species lack the enzyme
necessary for SAM synthesis and scavenge it from the host via a
specific transporter Binet
et al, 2011
- SAA1 serum amyloid A1: intra-nasal bacterial inoculation increases
plasma levels of IL2, IL5, IL6, IL10, IL12, GM-CSF (= CSF2) , IFN-gamma,
and serum amyloid A Campbell
et al, 2010
- SCARB1 scavenger receptor class B, member 1: chlamydial growth
is attenuated in SCARB1-silenced cells Korhonen
et al, 2011
- SELE – selectin E: expression increased by infection in
human umbilical vein endothelial cells , along with ICAM1 and VCAM1
Kaukoranta-Tolvanen
et al, 1996
- SELP – selectin P (granule membrane protein 140kDa, antigen
CD62) : C.pneumoniae binds to platelets and triggers P-selectin
expression Kälvegren
et al, 2003
- SERPINE1 – serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E (nexin, plasminogen
activator inhibitor type 1), member 1 : Tissue factor, PAI-1, and
IL6 expression increased in infected Human vascular endothelial
and smooth muscle cells: NF-kappaB was activated and IkappaBalpha
degraded Dechend
et al, 1999
- SLC5A6 solute carrier family 5 (sodium-dependent vitamin transporter),
member 6: used by Chlamydia to move multiple essential compounds
into the inclusion body Fisher
et al, 2012
- SLC11A2 solute carrier family 11 (proton-coupled divalent metal
ion transporters), member 2 : peak of viable bacteria in the infected
liver associates with increased SLC11A2 and iron contents and increased
hepcidin expression Edvinsson
et al, 2008
- SLC40A1 solute carrier family 40 member 1 (ferreportin): Bacterial
growth is iron-dependent: SLC40A1, hepcidin (HAMP) and the transferrin
receptor (TFRC) are upregullated in the livers of infected mice
Edvinsson
et al, 2017.
- SFTPA1 – surfactant protein A1: enhances the phagocytosis
of Chlamydia into THP-1 cells Oberley
et al, 2004
- SFTPD – surfactant protein D.enhances the phagocytosis of
Chlamydia into THP-1 cells Oberley
et al, 2004
- SMAD4 – SMAD family member 4: reduced expression in isolated
C.pneumoniae positive human atherosclerotic plaques Ja
et al, 2011
- SOCS1 suppressor of cytokine signaling 1: protects against C.pneumoniae
related inflammation but reduces bacterial clearance.
- SOD1 superoxide dismutase 1, soluble: Upregulated by C.Pneumoniae
in macrophages Azenabor
and Chaudhry, 2003
- SQSTM1 sequestosome 1: down-regulated at 24hrs and up-regulated
at 72hrs following infection of neuronal cells Slutter,
PhD thesis, 2011
- STAT1 regulates IFNB and IFNB control of Chlamydial infection
and controls IDO1 Rothfuchs
et al, 2006
- TAP1 – transporter 1, ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B
(MDR/TAP) enhanced severity of infection of TAP1-/-/beta2-microglobulin
-/- mice Rottenberg
et al, 1999
- STX6 Syntaxin 6 : Recruited to the chlamydial inclusion Moore
et al, 2011
- TF transferrin : Reverses the deleterious effect of iron starvation
on C.Pneumoniae survival Chlamydia may use iron transport pathways
of the host by attracting transferrin receptors ( TFRC, TRF2 ) to
the phagosome Al-Younes
et al, 1999
- TFRC Transferrin receptor : Bacterial growth is iron-dependent:
SLC40A1, hepcidin (HAMP) and the transferrin receptor (TFRC) are
upregullated in the livers of infected mice Edvinsson
et al, 2017.
- TGFB1 C. pneumoniae-infected human bronchial epithelial cell showed
enhanced secretion of VEGF, TGF-beta, and TIMP-1 Park
et al, 2010
- TICAM1 – toll-like receptor adaptor molecule 1 (Trif) :
C. pneumoniae facilitates foam cell formation via activation of
both MyD88-dependent and MyD88-independent (i.e.TICAM1-dependent
and IRF3-dependent) pathways downstream of TLR2 and TLR4 Chen
et al, 2008
- TIMP1 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1: C.pneumoniae-infected
human bronchial epithelial cell showed enhanced secretion of VEGF,
TGF-beta, and TIMP-1 Park
et al, 2010
- TLR2 toll-like receptor 2 recognises C.Pneumoniae on dendritic
cells Prebeck
et al, 2001
- TLR3 C.pneumoniae initiates signalling via TLR3 and MAP Kinase(s)
Wang
et al, 2013
- TLR4 toll-like receptor 4 recognises C.Pneumoniae on vascular
smooth muscle cells
Sasu et al, 2001
- C.Pneumoniae protein phospholipase D is a TLR4 agonist inducing
the expression of IL23A, IL6, IL1B, TGFß, and CCL20 in
monocytes, CXCL9, CCL20, CCL4, CCL2, ICAM1, and VCAM1 in HUVECs.
Plaque-derived T cells produce IL-17 in response to CpPLD Benagiano
et al, 2012
- TMBIM4 transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif containing 4: knock-down
in infected A549 cells increases number of C. pneumoniae genomes
and bacterial growth Markkula
et al, 2012
- TP53 tumor protein p53:PCNA Expression increased by infection
in Human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells, associated with decreased
nuclear binding of p53 Selzman
et al, 2003.
- TNF restricts chlamydial growth via activation of IDO1 Njau
et al, 2009
- TRAF3 TNF receptor-associated factor 3: degraded by the bacterium
Wolf
and Fields, 2013
- TRAF3IP2 TRAF3 interacting protein 2: binds to a secreted chlamydial
protein, CP0236 Wolf
et al, 2009
- TUBB Beta tubulin degraded by chlamydial CPAF Savijoki
et al, 2008
- TXN Thioredoxin University
of AArhus 2D database
- USF1 upstream transcription factor 1 degraded by the chlamydial
protease CPAF Zhong
et al, 2001
- UQCRC1 ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein I University
of AArhus 2D database
- USP18 – ubiquitin specific peptidase 18: Upregulated by
infection in mediastinal lymph node lymphocytes Kyläniemi
et al, 2009
- VCAM1 Chlamydia pneumoniae infection promotes the transmigration
of monocytes through human brain endothelial cells via upreculation
of VCAM1 and ICAM1 on endothelial cells and of integrins ITGB1,
ITGB2, and ITGAM on monocytes MacIntyre
et al, 2003.
- VDR Vitamin D receptor Chlamydial infection is enhanced in VDR
knockout mice He
et al, 2013
- VEGFA vascular endothelial growth factor A involved in entry in
human coronary artery endothelial cells Wang
et al, 2010
- VIM Vimentin degraded by chlamydial CPAF Savijoki
et al, 2008 and University
of AArhus 2D database
- WARS tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase University
of AArhus 2D database
- XIAP X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis Knockout sensitises mice
to infection Prakash
et al, 2010
- ZDHHC17 (HIP14) interacts with bacterial Cpj0783 Yanatori
et al, 2015
Melatonin and serotonin inhibit chlamydial infection, not by effects
on the bacterium itself, but via host receptors for these transmitters:
buspirone
(HTR1A partial agonist) and NAN190
(HTR1A and HTR1F agonist) partially decreased infection : Melatonin
agonist IIK7
( MTRN1A and MTNR1B agonist) and antagonist, luzindole,
decreased chlamydial infection as effectively as melatonin Rahman
et al, 2005 GPR50
dimerises with melatonin receptors
- Chlamydia secrete a glycolipid exoantigen (GLXA) which binds to
infected cells . Antibodies to GXLA and complement kill the infected
cells Webley
et al, 2004
- C.Pneumoniae possesses an aromatic amino acid hydrolase, Cpn1046,
that uses the hosts' phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan converting
them to tyrosine, dihydroxyphenylalanine, and 5-hydroxytryptophan
Abromaitis
et al, 2009
High throughput experiments
Chlamydia pneumoniae infection of monocytes in vitro stimulates
innate and adaptive immune responses relevant to those in Alzheimer's
disease Lim
et al, 2014
Innate and adaptive immunity gene transcripts increased
at 48 hours in Chlamydia pneumoniae-infected THP1 cells
s CCL2 COLEC12 CYBB DEFB4 DMBT1 IFNB1 IL1F5 IL1F8 IL1RN
IL6 IRAK2 NFKBIA NLRC4 PTAFR SERPINA1 TLR8 TNF
Chlamydia pneumoniae infection promotes vascular smooth muscle cell migration
through a Toll-like receptor 2-related signaling pathway Wang
et al, 2013
Upregulated: BAIAP2 CCL20 CX3CL1 GREM2 ID1 ID2 MCM6
MCM7 NQO1 PCNA TLR2
Downregulated: AKAP12 ANXA1 CD55 DUSP1 EDN1 EGR1
ERRFI1 F3 FOS GJB2 LOC683626 NFIL3 PKIG PPAP2B PSAT1 RASL11B STMN2
TGFA TGFB3 THBD
pneumoniae and/or low density lipoprotein in five study models using
differential display and real-time RT-PCR.
Lim
and Chow, 2006
Modified
genes: ACTG1 ARPP19 BCL2A1 CDC27 CDC42EP3 CDK1 CTSH FLOT1 GPR6 IK
IRS2 PHF20 RPL27A SLAMF8 UBAC1 UBE2T
A
Systemic Network for Chlamydia pneumoniae Entry into Human Cells
Wang
et al, 2010
Genes involved in attachment and entry 55H1 ABL2 ADRB2 ALS2 ARL7
ATP2B1 AXUD1 BCL1O BCL2A1 BHLHB2 BMP2 BRE CCL20 CCL20 CCNL1 CEBPB
CHMP18 CITED2 CSF2 CXCL1 CXCL2 CXCL3 CXCR7 DACH1 DDIT3 GPR137C DKK2
DSCR1 DUSP1 DUSP5 EFNA1 EGR1 EGR3 ELF1 ELL2 ERN1 F3 FGF5 FOS FOSB
FOSL2 FREM1 FST GADD45B GATA2 GATA6 HBEGF HDAC9 HER3 HEY1 HIRA HIST2H2BE
ICAM1 ID1 ID2B IL1A IL6 IL8 INHBA IRF1 IRF2BP2 ITGB2 JUNB KBTBD KITLG
KLF10 KLF11 KLF4 KLF7 KLF9 LIF LIM53 LOC284454 LOC387763 M8X1 MAFF
MAP3K8 METTL5 MMOX1 MPPE1 MYO10 NARG2 NEDD9 NFIL3 NFKB1 NFKBIA NR1D2
NR4A1 NR4A2 NR4A3 NUAK2 OFM PBEF1 PDE4B PDGFB PER1 PPP1R15A PRKD2
PTGS2 RARA RASD1 RND1 S100A10 SDC4 SELE SEMA4D SERPINE1 SERTAD3 SLC19A2
SLC25A25 SLC7A8 SMQD7 SNAI1 SNF1LK SOCS3
SPRY2
SPRY4 SQSTM1 ST3GAL6 TIFA TIPQRP TJP1 TNFAIP3 TRIM1 VCAM1 VEGF ZC3H12A
ZFP38
cDNA array analysis of altered gene expression in human
endothelial cells in response to Chlamydia pneumoniae infection Coombes
and Mahony, 2001.>
Upregulated BDNF CCL2 CXCL12 F2R FGF2 FPR3 GAP43 HBEGF IFNAR1 IGF1R
IGFBP4 IL1B IL8 INHBA IRF1 PDAP1 PDGFB PDGFRA TNFAIP6
Infection of U937 Monocytic Cells with Chlamydia pneumoniae
Induces Extensive Changes in Host Cell Gene Expression Virok
et al, 2003>
Upregulated:> ADAM9 ANXA1 ANXA5 CCL1 CCL2 CCL3
CCL4 CCL8 CCR1 CCR8 CCRL2 CD44 CD58 CD82 CD83 CD86 CEBPB CREM CSF3
CXCL1 CXCL3 ELK3 EMP1 F5 FABP4 FCER2 FCGR2B GK GPER HBEGF HDAC2 IFNGR2
IL1B IL1RN IL4R IRF8 ITGAX JUNB MMP3 MMP10 MMP12 MMP3 MYB NCOA1 NFATC1
NFKBIA NPC1 NR3C1 PLAU PPBP RGS1 SCMH1 SERPINB7 SMARCD2 SRC TAF5 TANK
TFE3 TM4SF1 TMEM2 TNF TNFAIP3 TNFAIP6 TNFSF7 ZNF9
Downregulated: ACAT2 CDC25B CDCA5 CDK2 EEF2 ERP29
FKBP1A HNRNPA1 HPRT1 HSP90AB1 ICSBP1 IMPDH2 KIF23 KIF2C LIG1 LMO2
MCM7 MGP MRPS35 MYB NPM1 NUTF2 PAICS PHB PLK PPAT PRKDC RAB32 RBBP4
RFC1 RNASE2 SCMH1 SNRPD1 SRRM1 TPR
>
Host
cell responses to Chlamydia pneumoniae in gamma interferon-induced
persistence overlap those of productive infection and are linked to
genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle, and metabolism.Eickhoff
et al, 2007
Regulated at various time points: ASNS BNIP3 CA9
CTGF CTH CXCL11 CYR61 DACT1 DDX58 DEPTOR DKK1 EGR1 ETS2 FOSL1 FST
FZD10 HERC5 HERPUD1 HEY1 HSPA1A HSPA1B IFI44 IFIT4 IL11 INSIG1 ISG15
ISG20 KRT17 LOX LYPD3 METTL7A MXRA5 NDRG1 NFIL3 OAS1 OASL PDLIM5 PHLDA1
PLK2 PPP1R3C PSPH PTGER4 PTPN13 RAI3 SLC1A4 SREBF1 STC2 TNFAIP3 TRIB3
VEGFA ZC3HAV1
Characterization and intracellular localization of putative Chlamydia pneumoniae effector
proteins Müller
et al, 2008
UP IFIT1 IFIT3 TTLL11Down EIF5
GLP2R
Host metabolism promotes growth of Chlamydia pneumoniae in
a low oxygen environment Szaszák
et al, 2013.
siRNA screen of genes affecting C.Pneumoniae survival in
hypoxic conditions: AKR1A1 AKR1B1 ALDOA AP2A1 ARRB1 C12orf5
CAMK2A CAV1 CYB5R3 CYC1 DNM2 EPAS1 FBP1 FOXO3 G6PC G6PD GLUL GPD2
HIF1A HIF3A LDHA MAPK8 MSN PFKP PGK1 PI4KA PIK3CG PXN RAB5C SIRT1
SIRT3 SLC1A5 SOD1 SOD2 STAT3 VHL VIM
The effect of proatherogenic pathogens on adipose tissue
transcriptome and fatty acid distribution in apolipoprotein E-deficient
mice Hyvärinen
et al, 2013
Differentially expressed genes in the inguinal AT transcriptome of
chronic C. pneumoniae-infected mice
Upregulated C230075M21RIK EIF2AK2 FCRLS GPC3 IFIT3 OSR2
PPAP2B USP18
Downregulated 8430408G22RIK ACTR3 DDIT4 GM14121 Gm5277 Gm9143 GPX8
IGKV4-54 LOC665281 MOD1 RPS3A YWHAG
Differentially expressed genes in the epididymal AT transcriptome
of combined chronic C. pneumoniae-infected mice
Upregulated AVPR1A C7 IGK-C LRRN1 SLC15A2
Chlamydia pneumoniae infection of monocytes in vitro stimulates
innate and adaptive immune responses relevant to those in Alzheimer’s
disease Lim
et al, 2014
Innate and adaptive immunity gene transcripts increased at 48 hours
in Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn)-infected THP1 cells CCL2 COLEC12 CYBB
DEFB4 DMBT1 IFNB1 IL1F5 IL1F8 IL1RN IL6 IRAK2 NFKBIA NLRC4 PTAFR SERPINA1
TLR8 TNF
Gene expresion omnibus datasets
Macrophage cell line response to Chlamydia pneumoniae GDS2651
Rodríguez
et al, 2007
Upregulated: ABCB1B ABR ACOD1 ACSL1 ACTG1 ACTR3 AHNAK ALAS1 ANGPTL2
ARHGEF1 ATF3 ATP6VOA1 BCL2A1D BCL3 BCL6 CASP4 CCL2 CCL3 CCL4 CCL7
CDR2 CEBPB CEBPD CITED2 CLEC4E CLIC4 CPD CSTF2 CTNND1 CXCL2 CYTIP
DUSP16 EBI3 EHD1 EIF3E ELL2 EPRS ETF1 ETS2 FAM49B FAS FLNB FPR1 GADD45A
GCH1 GPR137B GSR GTPBP4 HCLS1 HIGD1A HK2 HMOX1 HNRNPA1 HP HSD17B12
HSD17B7 HSD3B2 HSPA8 IFIH1 IFITM3 IFRD1 IGH2BP2 IL1B IL1RN IMPDH1
KLF6 LILR4B LPL LTB MANF MAPK6 MAPK8 MAPKAPK2 MARCKSL1 MTHFS MTPN
MYADM MYO1D NAB1 NEK1 NFKB1 NFKBIA NFKBIZ ODC1 OTUD4 PIM1 PIP1 PIRB
PLK2 POU2F2 PSMA3 PSMB6 PSMB7 RFWD2 RGCC RHOC RMDN3 RNF19B RPL7 RSAD2
RTN4 SAA3 SCOC SLC11A2 SLC20A1 SLC25A25 SLC2A1 SLC31A1 SLC4A7 SLFN2
SLPI SOCS3 SOD2 SPATA13 SRSF2 SUSD6 TAF1D TIAL1 TIMM17A TMEM131 TMEM176A
TNF TNFRSF1B TNIP1 TPM4 TRAF1 TRIM13 TRPC4 TXNRD1 USP1 WDR92 YBX3
ZNRF1 ZRANB2
Downregulated: ABCC3 ACAA2 C1QA CACNA1A CHD4 COL4A5 CTLA2B CYTIP
DAB2 GAB2 GJB1 HCN2 HFE HMGCL HOXA3 IL1R2 ITGA6 LAPTM5 LGALS1 LSP1
MXD4 NFIA NTPCR RHD ROGDI RPL18 SEPT9 UBE2R2
Chlamydia pneumonia infection effect on dendritic cells GDS3753
/ Njau
et al, 2009
Top misregulated: ACSM5 ACSS1 ACTL9 ACVRL1 ADAD1 ADAMTS6 ADIPOQ AGBL3
AKT2 ALDH5A1 ALOX15B ANP32D APC ARHGEF26 BMS1P20 C15orf48 C3orf79
CA6 CCDC110 CCL20 CCL5 CCL5 CCR7 CD163 CD1E CD69 CD80 CD84 CECR6 CFB
CLEC10A CLEC2B CLRN3 CLYBL CNIH4 COL14A1 COX17 CP CPEB1 CSNK1A1P1
CST7 CTLA4 CTNNBIP1 CXCL1 CXCL10 CXCL11 CXCL5 CXCL9 CYB5B DANCR DBR1
DCLK1 DSG2 DUSP4 DUSP5 ECT2 EGR1 EHD1 EIF3A ELAVL1 EPB41L4A ERAP1
ERCC2 EXOSC5 F13A1 FAM47A FAM49A FBXO16 FCAR FOXR2 FRMD4A FRMD4B GBP1
GBP1P1 GBP4 GBP5 GCH1 GGNBP2 GPD1L GPR132 GPR132 GPR157 GREM1 HTR2B
IDO1 IFI27 IFIH1 IFITM3 IFT27 IGLC1 IL15RA IL1A IL1B IL1R2 IL23A IL2RA
IL2RA IL6 INHBA INSL6 ISG20 ISG20 KANSL1L KLHL31 KLHL7 LILRA5 LINC00705
LINC00877 LINC01191 LINC01289 LINC01521 LITAF LNPEP LOC100129518 SOD2
LOC100130111 LOC100287290 LOC100506082 LOC100653137 LOC101927907 LOC101928927
SNORA9 SNHG15 LOC101929657 LOC101929800 LOC101927424 LOC440896 LOC101930476
LINC00476 LOC102725116 LOC105375839 LOC284513 LOC401220 LOC441666
LPAR6 LRRC25 LRRCC1 LY9 MAGI1 MBNL3 MBOAT1 MDGA2 MEF2C MLLT3 MPP7
MS4A6A MSI2 MT1M NCBP3 NCKAP5 NEMP1 NEURL3 NF2 NRGN NT5DC2 OR2J2 OR2M4
OSMR PDE4B PGAP1 PLGLB2 PLXDC2 PML POSTN PPP2R2A PRAM1 PRAP1 PRELP
PRIM2 PRMT2 PSTK RAB7ARAD51L3 RFFL RFPL3S RFTN2 RGS13 RGS18 RIMBP2
RNF144B RORA-AS1 RRAS2 RSAD2 S1PR1 SDS SEPP1 SETD6 SGPP2 SHISA3 SKA3
SLAMF7 SLAMF7 SLAMF7 SLC17A8 SMYD1 SNAI3 SNTG2 SOX17 SPATA4 SRPK2
STAMBP STIM1 STRIP2 STXBP4 STYK1 TAP1 THBS1 TMED5 TMEM37 TNFAIP3 TNFAIP3
TNFAIP6 TNFAIP6 TNFSF4 TRAF1 TRIM4 TRIM69 TTC39A UPB1 VEGFA VMO1 ZDHHC14
ZNF395 ZNF606 ZNF865
Diseases associated with C. Pneumoniae.
Cross-reactive (auto)antibodies
- Chlamydia pneumoniae (CPP) streptococcal M protein (STM6P) and
milk butyrophilin (BTN). versus neuron-specific antigens (myelin
basic protein (MBP), myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), ganglioside
(GM1), sulfatide (SULF), chondroitin sulfate (CONSO4), myelin oligodendrocyte
glycoprotein (MOG), alpha,beta-crystallin (alpha,beta-CRYS), neurofilament
proteins (NAFP), tubulin ) in autism Vojdani
et al, 2002
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